Landscape Urbanism, spring semester 2012 ｜ 清华建筑学院2012春季学期

university ｜ 学校: Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
students ｜ 学生: loop life: Shen Sisi, Wang Ruyun, Wang Jianiv
archeology ｜ 演变的遗迹： Li Wenling, Wang Chenyu, Zhou Lin
eco-corridors ｜ 生态廊道: Lulu, Wuchun, Huyue
agri-culture ｜ 农业文化: Han LI, Li Sisi, Xie Qing, Niu Zhen
course director ｜ 教授: Eva Castro
assistants ｜ 团队: Libny Pacheco, Federico Ruberto, Nicola Saladino

The course focused on the town of Zhoukoudian, located on a rural area 46km South-East of Beijing, mainly famous for its archeological site, where important prehistoric rests of the so-called Peking Man were found.

该设计的地段位于北京市东南部、离市中心距46公里的周口店镇，该镇因著名的北京人考古遗址而闻名。

The local economy, traditionally linked to the extraction of carbon and cement, is undergoing a violent transformation: most of the mines and processing plants have been shut down to reduce the contamination of Beijing metropolitan area and protect the archeological site, leaving a big part of Zhoukoudian’s population unemployed.
The four projects propose different solutions to implement a long-term economic regeneration of the site, while recovering its natural and cultural conditions. They can be considered as complementary interventions of a bigger regional plan.

煤炭采集和水泥原料生产是当地赖以为生的传统经济，现在正经历着剧烈的变化：为了减少对北京市区的污染、保护古代遗址，矿场和加工工厂大多数都被关闭，导致大批失业人口的产生。四组学生提出了四个不同的解决方案，他们的共同点是着眼于当地长期的发展计划，复兴经济，同时恢复原有的生态系统和社会平衡，这四个方案互相补充，互相支持，共同形成了一个区域性的长期的规划策略。

Loop Life
The closing of local mines and primary processing factories leaves a series of problems and opportunities for the future development of the region. On the one hand, the extremely polluted terrain requires a long process of reclamation before it can become again productive landscape; on the other, the abandoned factories provide very interesting post-industrial scenarios for all sort of cultural and sport events.

生活圈
当地的矿场和工厂被关闭以后，地区发展的未来挑战与机遇并存：一方面，被污染的土地需要数年时间的除污处理才能恢复其农业生产力，另一方面，废弃的工业地带一旦经过有效的清理整合，即是多种文化、艺术、旅游产业的乐土。

This project proposes the creation of various programmatic loops around the Peking Man site that connect all the existing cultural attractors and the newly available industrial areas. Different functional nodes are located along the paths taking advantage of the specific characteristics of each site, creating multiple possible itineraries for pedestrians, bicycles and cars.

该项目围绕北京人遗址将现有的文化景点和新工业区连接成一个完整环路。在沿途根据地段不同特征布置不同功能节点，并提供多种交通方式的通路。

Archeology
In 1987 Zhoukoudian Peking Man Museum and its surrounding archeological site have been granted the condition of World Heritage Site, attracting an average of 300.000 visitors per year. An extension of the museum has already been planned and could become an important catalyst for the local tourism.
Rather than confining the new development in a single iconic building, the project proposes an innovative model of open-air museum that would better interact with the surrounding site and could more easily incorporate new forms of educational activities.

演变的遗迹
1987年周口店北京人博物馆与它周围的考古遗址成为世界文化保护遗产，从此每年有30万游客慕名而来。博物馆的扩建项目已经在计划之中，并将为推动当地旅游业发展作出重要贡献。该方案没有将新的扩建项目局限于一个单一的标志性建筑中，而是提出露天博物馆群这一全新的模式，试图更好地与周围的场地和社区相互融合，便于更加灵活地组织教育活动。

A study of the existing archeological techniques and the natural conditions of the site (topography, soil, orientation, hydrology, etc.) generates a precise sequence of excavations and provides clear guidelines for the creation of new infrastructures and building facilities. Thus the museum develops according to a phasing strategy that reflects the open-ended dynamic character of archeological explorations.

学生通过对现有的考古技术和自然条件（地形、土壤、朝向、水文等）的研究，设计一个精确的开掘过程，并以此为出发点探索并提出基础设施和建筑布局的导则。博物馆分诸多阶段发展建设，这也符合考古勘探的开放式的动态性的特征。

Eco-corridors
This project considers the importance of the natural elements of Zhoukoudian and their potentials to enhance a regional area of ecological preservation. Analyzing the habitat of three different animals - the frog, the squirrel and the pheasant – as exemplary of the different types of local fauna, the students proposed the creation of a series of eco-corridors that mediate between the wild mountainous areas and the future urban development. Some points of observation are located in strategic intersections of these corridors to allow the interaction between anthropic and wild life. A series of small buildings is designed as part of a scientific campus for the study of the local fauna.

生态廊道
该方案考虑周口店镇自然元素的重要性和其增进地方生态保护区的潜力。
该组学生分析了当地不同动物群中的三个典型的物种：青蛙、松鼠和野鸡。在此基础上提出了建立一系列能够协调山岭保护区与未来城市开发的生态廊道。设置在这些走廊节点上的观察点，使得人类与野生动物之间可以进行互动。他们还为动物研究所设计了一组建筑。

Agri-culture
Agriculture could have a strategic importance for Zhoukoudian’s economy, but it is currently obsolete and underdeveloped. New possible synergies with tourism and pharmaceutical industries are explored through the development of an innovative localized distribution system and the optimization of the production process, associating specific crops to the different conditions of the soil, topography, orientation, water availability, etc. The understanding of the techniques and functional requirements of the crops provides a new spatial organization for the site, generating a new water system.

农业文化
农业在周口店镇的经济发展中起着战略性的重要作用，但是目前并不发达。学生们探索了旅游业，制药等不同行业和农业之间进行整合的可能性。通过对不同地段土壤、地形、朝向、供水等条件的分析决定不同种类作物的种植地点以优化生产，与此同时，这组学生还提出了一套新的交通物流的空间构架。通过对农业作物相关耕种技术和功能需求的分析，该方案为该场地提供了全新的空间布局关系和生成了一个全新的水文系统。